The New Geography of Jobs

书名：The New Geography of Jobs
作者：EnricoMoretti
译者：
ISBN：9780547750118
出版社：HoughtonMifflinHarcourt
出版时间：2012-5-22
格式：epub/mobi/azw3/pdf
页数：304
豆瓣评分： 8.3

书籍简介：

From a rising young economist, an examination of innovation and success, and where to find them in America. An unprecedented redistribution of jobs, population, and wealth is under way in America, and it is likely to accelerate in the years to come. America’s new economic map shows growing differences, not just between people but especially between communities. In this important and persuasive book, U.C. Berkeley economist Enrico Moretti provides a fresh perspective on the tectonic shifts that are reshaping America’s labor market—from globalization and income inequality to immigration and technological progress—and how these shifts are affecting our communities. Drawing on a wealth of stimulating new studies, Moretti uncovers what smart policies may be appropriate to address the social challenges that are arising. We’re used to thinking of the United States in dichotomous terms: red versus blue, black versus white, haves versus have-nots. But today there are three Americas. At one extreme are the brain hubs—cities like San Francisco, Boston, Austin, and Durham—with a well-educated labor force and a strong innovation sector. Their workers are among the most productive, creative, and best paid on the planet. At the other extreme are cities once dominated by traditional manufacturing, which are declining rapidly, losing jobs and residents. In the middle are a number of cities that could go either way. For the past thirty years, the three Americas have been growing apart at an accelerating rate. This divergence is one the most important recent developments in the United States and is causing growing geographic disparities is all other aspects of our lives, from health and longevity to family stability and political engagement. But the winners and losers aren’t necessarily who you’d expect. Moretti’s groundbreaking research shows that you don’t have to be a scientist or an engineer to thrive in one of these brain hubs. Among the beneficiaries are the workers who support the "idea-creators"—the carpenters, hair stylists, personal trainers, lawyers, doctors, teachers and the like. In fact, Moretti has shown that for every new innovation job in a city, five additional non-innovation jobs are created, and those workers earn higher salaries than their counterparts in other cities. It wasn’t supposed to be this way. As the global economy shifted from manufacturing to innovation, geography was supposed to matter less. But the pundits were wrong. A new map is being drawn—the inevitable result of deep-seated but rarely discussed economic forces. These trends are reshaping the very fabric of our society. Dealing with this split—supporting growth in the hubs while arresting the decline elsewhere—will be the challenge of the century, and　The New Geography of Jobs　lights the way.

作者简介：

恩里克·莫雷迪（Enrico Moretti）

加州大学伯克利分校经济学教授，《经济展望》杂志主编，旧金山联邦储备银行访问学者。他也是美国国家经济研究局（剑桥）副研究员，经济政策研究中心（伦敦）研究员和劳动研究所（波恩）研究员。

莫雷迪教授的研究涉及劳动经济学和城市经济学领域。他曾获得多个奖项和荣誉，包括劳动经济学家协会的罗森劳动经济学杰出贡献奖、卡洛阿尔贝托奖章、伊扎青年劳动经济学家奖和富布赖特奖学金。

书友短评：

@ 铃兰啊铃兰 5星推荐！最开始是看到提到了Durham（NC）想读，没想到是这么好的阅读体验！作者 数据讲话，挺契合现在贸易战主题的。全球化和高科技化让美国分化成3个世界。受大学以上教育的人群工资在近四十年逐年增长，而高中及以下人群工资现在比四十年前还降低了，逐渐在分化。湾区及旧金山等高科技集群的发展虽然源于大学，同时也取决于明星效应，如名教授及企业家。集群有溢出效应和乘数效应，政府大力引进人才或补贴研发机构是很有必要。美国政府与中国政府类似，争取大企业或支持新兴产业也是各种优惠政策，但很多时候目光不长远反而好心却没干成正确的事情。 @ ddandwheat labor看世界的角度真有意思，而这本书也改变了我对于科技公司过于批判的看法。1. 全球化和科技进步注定制造业的衰退是必然，但替代的创新行业其实对劳工市场有利。big tech和中国都在背锅 2. 二十一世纪最重要的资源就是人力资源。教育和移民尤为重要 3. 美国的地域不平等是不可逆的 但也不是无法改变的。然而美国目前short sighted的政治让改变很难发生 4. gentrification也是可以用政策控制住的，比如西雅图 5. cluster从经济上讲非常高效。因此未来地域之间的不平等会继续加剧 6. 中国制造并不是什么好事 中国还和美国差十几/几十年呢

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