Machiavelli

书名:MachiavelliAVeryShortIntroduction
作者:QuentinSkinner
译者:
ISBN:9780192854070
出版社:OxfordUniversityPress
出版时间:2001-1-18
格式:epub/mobi/azw3/pdf
页数:120
豆瓣评分: 8.7

书籍简介:

Niccolo Machiavelli taught that political leaders must be prepared to do evil that good may come of it, and his name has been a byword ever since for duplicity and immorality. Is his sinister reputation deserved? In answering this question Quentin Skinner focuses on three major works, "The Prince", "the Discourses", and "The History of Florence", and distils from them an introduction to Machiavelli's doctrines of exemplary clarity.

作者简介:

作者

昆廷•斯金纳 伦敦大学玛丽女王学院巴伯•博蒙特人文科学教授。曾任剑桥大学现代史钦定讲座教授,基督学院研究员。对现代思想史有广泛兴趣,著有作品多部,被译成数种语言,包括两卷本《现代政治思想的起源》(1978,于1979年获沃尔夫森学术奖)、《霍布斯哲学中的理性与修辞》(1996)、《自由主义之前的自由》(1998)、《霍布斯:阿姆斯特丹辩论》(2001,合著)、三卷本《政治学的视野》(2002)、《霍布斯与共和主义自由》(2008)等。

序言作者

任剑涛  中国人民大学政治学系教授。曾任美国哈佛大学燕京学社、台湾大学人文与社会高等研究院高级访问学者。主要研究领域为政治哲学、西方政治思想史、中国政治。著有《从自在到自觉——中国国民性研究》(1992)、《伦理政治研究——从早期儒学视角的理论透视》(1999)、《中国现代思想脉络中的自由主义》(2004)、《政治哲学讲演录》(2008)、《建国之惑——留学精英与现代政治的误解》(2012)、《复调儒学——从古典解释到现代性探究》(2013)、《拜谒诸神——西方政治理论与方法寻踪》(2014)等。

书友短评:

@ SuSo As easy and well-arranged as a typical introduction aould be, which at the same time means that not many comments were made by Skinner himself. Pivotal topics: Fortune, virtú, deceiving, mercenary, etc. Yet it is clear that what was written in The Prince was mainly STATECRAFT, among which inevitably nothing metaphysical was particularly involved. @ 免成 No epitaph can match so great a name. Machiavelli doubtless is a great human in the history though some doctrines of him seemed so strict and cruel, put these words in a higher level we may find them show a higher mercy to the public. @ 过期黄桃罐头 读了一遍英文版,斯金纳写的真好~

书籍目录

  • 为文艺复兴时期君主建言的作家们全盘继承了这套说辞。他们的基本假定是,德性总的概念应当涵盖全部“根本”美徳和专属君主的美德,并且一边继续添加条目,一边不厌繁琐地细分。例如,在帕特里齐的《国王的教育》中,德性的顶级概念下竟层层罗列了君主应当培养的40种美德。然后,他们毫不犹豫地接受了古人的论点,相信君主应当采取的理性行动永远是符合道德的行动——他们的论证如此雄,最后“正直是最好的政策”几乎成了政治谚语。此外,他们还从基督教的特有立场出发,增加了一条反对将利益与道割裂开来的理由。他们坚称,即使我们在此生通过不义手段获得了利益,在来生接受上帝的公义审判时,这些表面的好处也会被没收。阅读马基雅维里同时代的道徳论著,我们会发现这些论点被不厌其烦地重复。但当我们转向《君主论》时,却发现人文主义道德的这一面突然被粗暴地颠覆了。剧变在第十五章露出倪,马基雅维里在开始讨论君主的美徳与恶德时,淡定地警告读者,我深知这个话题许多人都写过”,但“我要说的与别人的见解有所不同”。首先,他提到人文主义的老生常谈:有些专属君主的美德,包括慷慨、仁慈、诚实,所有的统治者都有义务培养这些品质。接下来他承认(仍是正统的人文主义立场),如果君主能在任何时候都如此行事,“自然应当极力称颂”。但接下来他完全否定了人文主义的基本预设,那就是统治者若要实现自己的最高目标就必须拥有这些美德。人文主义者指导君主的这条金科玉律被他视为显而易见的、灾难性的错误。他对目标本身的性质自然没有异议:每位君主都要保住国家,并为自己争得荣。但他指出,若要实现这些目标,没有统治者能完全具备这些“公认为善”的品质,或者把它们全部贯彻到行动中。任何君主面对的真实情形都是在一个恶棍横行的黑暗世界里竭力保护自己的利益。在这样的条件下,如果“他不做人实际所做的,非要做应该做的”,就只会“削弱自己的权力,不可能维持它。”在批判古典和当代的人文主…
    —— 引自章节:2君主智囊
  • And he is even more fulsomely commended for having grasped the basic lesson that any new prince needs to learn if he wishes to maintain his state: he must stop relying on Fortune and foreign arms, raise soldiers of his own, and make himself 'complete master of his own forces'. These writers had laid it down that, if a ruler owes his positions to the intervention of Fortune, the first lesson he must learn is to fear the goddess, even when she comes bearing gifts. Livy had furnished a particularly influential statement of this claim in book XXX of his History, in the course of describingthe dramatic moment when hannibal finally capitulates to the young Scipio. Hannibal begins his speech of surrender by remarking admiringly that his conqueror has so far been 'a man whom Fortune has never de…
    —— 引自第38页
  •   Very Short Introductions(共679册),这套丛书还有《Computer Science》《Philosophy》《Voltaire》《Mathematics》《The Aztecs》等。

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